Every year, millions of Muslims around the world abstain from food and drink from dawn until sunset. For those new to the faith or curious observers, the question often arises: Why is fasting in Ramadan obligatory? This practice is not merely a cultural tradition but a profound spiritual mandate. By exploring the core reasons behind why is fasting in Ramadan obligatory, we uncover a journey of self-discovery, discipline, and divine connection.
The Scriptural Basis: Surah Al-Baqarah 183
To understand why is fasting in Ramadan obligatory, we must look at the direct command from Allah in the Quran. The Obligation of Sawm (Fasting) is clearly stated in Quranic verses about fasting (Surah Al-Baqarah 183):
"O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those before you that you may become righteous."
In his famous Tafsir al-Quran al-Azim, the scholar Ibn Kathir explains that this verse establishes the Purpose of fasting in Islam as a means to achieve Taqwa. The Meaning of Taqwa in Ramadan is "God-consciousness" or "Piety." This divine decree is what makes the month one of the Five Pillars of Islam, forming the very foundation of a Muslim's life.
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1- Attaining Piety and Strengthening the Relationship with Allah
A primary reason why is fasting in Ramadan obligatory is to facilitate spiritual growth during Ramadan. When a believer gives up their most basic needs food and water purely for the sake of their Creator, it results in strengthening the relationship with Allah.
This act of attaining piety through Sawm transforms the heart. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) described fasting as a unique act of worship, stating in a Hadith Qudsi recorded by Imam Bukhari in his Sahih: "Allah said: 'All the deeds of the son of Adam are for him, except for fasting, which is for Me and I will reward it.'"
2- Self-Discipline and Fasting as a Shield (Junnah)
Another vital answer to why is fasting in Ramadan obligatory is the development of self-discipline and self-control in Islam. Fasting serves as a training ground for the soul. The Prophet (PBUH) said, as narrated in Sahih Muslim: "Fasting is a shield (Junnah)." As a shield, fasting protects the believer from falling into sins and helps in Ramadan as a month of purification. By controlling physical desires, the believer gains the strength to control their tongue, temper, and negative thoughts, leading to lasting Self-discipline and self-control in Islam.
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3- Empathy for the Poor and Unity of the Ummah
Why is fasting in Ramadan obligatory for the rich and poor alike? It is to foster empathy for the poor through fasting. When the wealthy experience the pangs of hunger, it is no longer an abstract concept; it becomes a felt reality.
This shared experience creates a powerful Unity of the Muslim Ummah in fasting. Regardless of geography or social status, the entire Ummah fasts together, breaking bread at the same time. This collective worship is one of the greatest Benefits of fasting in Ramadan, reminding us that we are one body.
4- Commemorating the Revelation of the Quran
The Wisdom behind fasting in Islam is also tied to the history of our holy book. Ramadan is the month in which the Quran was sent down. Why is fasting in Ramadan obligatory during this specific month? It is a way of commemorating the revelation of the Quran, honoring the time when divine guidance first touched the Earth. This spiritual focus leads to the forgiveness of sins in Ramadan, as the Prophet (PBUH) promised: "Whoever fasts Ramadan out of faith and seeking reward, his previous sins will be forgiven."
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5- Health Benefits of Islamic Fasting
While the primary goal is spiritual, Allah has placed immense Health benefits of Islamic fasting within this obligation. Modern science often discusses "intermittent fasting," but the Benefits of fasting in Ramadan go deeper, allowing the digestive system to rest and the body to undergo a natural "detox." Understanding why is fasting in Ramadan obligatory helps us see that Allah only commands what is ultimately good for us, both physically and spiritually.
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FAQ: Obligatory vs. Voluntary Fasting
What is the Difference between obligatory and voluntary fasting?
The Obligation of Sawm (Fasting) in Ramadan is mandatory for every healthy, adult Muslim. Voluntary fasting (like Mondays and Thursdays) is highly rewarded but not a sin to leave. Understanding why is fasting in Ramadan obligatory highlights its status as a "pillar" that cannot be ignored without a valid excuse.
Are there specific Rewards for fasting mentioned in Hadith?
Yes! The Prophet (PBUH) mentioned that there is a gate in Jannah called Ar-Rayyan, through which only those who fasted will enter. This is one of the many Rewards for fasting mentioned in Hadith.
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How does fasting help in Forgiveness of sins in Ramadan?
By combining the physical fast with extra prayers and repentance, the believer undergoes a total Ramadan as a month of purification, leading to a fresh start.
Deepen Your Faith with Iman School
Understanding why is fasting in Ramadan obligatory is just the beginning of your spiritual journey. To truly experience the Meaning of Taqwa in Ramadan, one must study the Quran and the Sunnah with experts.
Iman School is the best online Islamic academy to help you prepare for the holy month. We offer specialized courses on the Fiqh of Fasting, Tajweed, and Arabic. Our tutors provide deep insights into the Wisdom behind fasting in Islam, helping you achieve maximum spiritual growth during Ramadan.
